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Robotics with the Board of Education Shield for Arduino

Curriculum

  • 9 Sections
  • 148 Lessons
  • Lifetime
Expand all sectionsCollapse all sections
  • About This Tutorial
    3
    • 2.0
      About the BOE Shield-Bot
    • 2.1
      Audience and Support
    • 2.2
      Author & Contributors
  • Chapter 1. Your Shield-Bot's Brain
    25
    • 3.1
      Chapter 1. Your Shield-Bot’s Brain
    • 3.2
      Hardware and Software Options
    • 3.3
      Shield-Bot Chassis Parts
    • 3.4
      Shield-Bot Hardware
    • 3.5
      Shield-Bot Electronics Parts
    • 3.6
      Activity 1: Download and Install the Software
    • 3.7
      Activity 2: Write a Simple “Hello!” Sketch
    • 3.8
      Codebender Hello Sketch
    • 3.9
      How the Hello Sketch Code Works
    • 3.10
      Modify the Sketch to Repeat
    • 3.11
      Hello Messages on New Lines
    • 3.12
      Open the Arduino Reference
    • 3.13
      Activity 3: Store and Retrieve Values
    • 3.14
      Global vs.Local Variables
    • 3.15
      Activity 4: Solve Math Problems
    • 3.16
      Try Floating Point Math
    • 3.17
      Activity 5: Make Decisions
    • 3.18
      More Decisions with if… else if
    • 3.19
      Activity 6: Count and Control Repetitions
    • 3.20
      How the for Loop Works
    • 3.21
      Adjust Initialization, Condition, and Increment
    • 3.22
      Activity 7: Constants and Comments
    • 3.23
      Chapter 1 Summary
    • 3.24
      Chapter 1 Challenges
    • 3.25
      Chapter 1 Solutions
  • Chapter 2. Shield, Lights, Servo Motors
    23
    • 4.0
      Chapter 2. Shield, Lights, Servo Motors
    • 4.1
      Activity 1: Board of Education Shield Setup
    • 4.2
      Activity 2: Build and Test LED Indicator Lights
    • 4.3
      Introducing the Resistor
    • 4.4
      Introducing the LED
    • 4.5
      Introducing the Prototyping Area
    • 4.6
      LED Test Circuit
    • 4.7
      How a Sketch Makes the LED Turn On and Off
    • 4.8
      Introducing the Timing Diagram
    • 4.9
      Activity 3: LED Servo Signal Monitors
    • 4.10
      How to Use the Arduino Servo Library
    • 4.11
      Activity 4: Connect Servo Motors and Batteries
    • 4.12
      Connect the Servos to the BOE Shield
    • 4.13
      Connect the Battery Pack to the BOE Shield
    • 4.14
      5-cell Pack Setup
    • 4.15
      4-cell Pack + Boe-Boost Setup
    • 4.16
      Activity 5: Centering the Servos
    • 4.17
      Activity 6: Testing the Servos
    • 4.18
      Controlling Servo Speed and Direction
    • 4.19
      How To Control Servo Run Time
    • 4.20
      Chapter 2 Summary
    • 4.21
      Chapter 2 Challenges
    • 4.22
      Chapter 2 Solutions
  • Chapter 3. Assemble and Test your BOE Shield-Bot
    22
    • 5.0
      Chapter 3. Assemble and Test your BOE Shield-Bot
    • 5.1
      Activity 1: Assembling the BOE-Shield-Bot
    • 5.2
      Mount the Topside Hardware
    • 5.3
      Remove the Servo Horns
    • 5.4
      Mount the Servos on the Chassis
    • 5.5
      Mount the Battery Pack
    • 5.6
      Mount the Wheels
    • 5.7
      Attach the BOE Shield to the Chassis
    • 5.8
      Activity 2: Re-test the Servos
    • 5.9
      Testing the Left and Right Wheels
    • 5.10
      Servo Troubleshooting
    • 5.11
      Activity 3: Start-Reset Indicator
    • 5.12
      Build the Piezospeaker Circuit
    • 5.13
      Programming the Start-Reset Indicator
    • 5.14
      Example Sketch: StartResetIndicator
    • 5.15
      Activity 4: Test Speed Control
    • 5.16
      Example Sketch: Test Servo Speed
    • 5.17
      How TestServoSpeed Works
    • 5.18
      Optional: Record Your Own Transfer Curve Data
    • 5.19
      Chapter 3 Summary
    • 5.20
      Chapter 3 Challenges
    • 5.21
      Chapter 3 Solutions
  • Chapter 4. BOE Shield-Bot Navigation
    19
    • 6.0
      Chapter 4. BOE Shield-Bot Navigation
    • 6.1
      Activity 1: Basic BOE Shield-Bot Maneuvers
    • 6.2
      How ForwardThreeSeconds Works
    • 6.3
      Moving Backward, Rotating, and Pivoting
    • 6.4
      Activity 2: Tuning the Basic Maneuvers
    • 6.5
      Tuning the Turns
    • 6.6
      Activity 3: Calculating Distances
    • 6.7
      Activity 4: Ramping Maneuvers
    • 6.8
      Activity 5: Simplify Navigation with Functions
    • 6.9
      Function Call with Parameters
    • 6.10
      Put Maneuvers Into Functions
    • 6.11
      Activity 6: Custom Maneuver Function
    • 6.12
      Activity 7: Maneuver Sequences with Arrays
    • 6.13
      Using Array Elements
    • 6.14
      Navigation with Arrays
    • 6.15
      Character Arrays and switch-case
    • 6.16
      Chapter 4 Summary
    • 6.17
      Chapter 4 Challenges
    • 6.18
      Chapter 4 Solutions
  • Chapter 5. Tactile Navigation with Whiskers
    13
    • 7.0
      Chapter 5. Tactile Navigation with Whiskers
    • 7.1
      Activity 1: Build and Test the Whiskers
    • 7.2
      How Whisker Switches Work
    • 7.3
      Testing the Whiskers
    • 7.4
      How DisplayWhiskerStates Works
    • 7.5
      Activity 2: Field-Test the Whiskers
    • 7.6
      Activity 3: Navigation with Whiskers
    • 7.7
      How RoamingWithWhiskers Works
    • 7.8
      Activity 4: Artificial Intelligence for Escaping Corners
    • 7.9
      How Escaping Corners Works
    • 7.10
      Chapter 5 Summary
    • 7.11
      Chapter 5 Challenges
    • 7.12
      Chapter 5 Solutions
  • Chapter 6. Light-Sensitive Navigation with Phototransistors
    18
    • 8.0
      Chapter 6. Light-Sensitive Navigation with Phototransistors
    • 8.1
      Introducing the Phototransistor
    • 8.2
      Activity 1: Simple Light to Voltage Sensor
    • 8.3
      Example Sketch: PhototransistorVoltage
    • 8.4
      Halt Under the Bright Light
    • 8.5
      How the Phototransistor Circuit Works
    • 8.6
      Ohm’s Law
    • 8.7
      Activity 2: Measure Light Levels Over a Larger Range
    • 8.8
      Building the Photosensitive Eyes
    • 8.9
      Test the Phototransistor Circuit
    • 8.10
      rcTime and Voltage Decay
    • 8.11
      Activity 3: Light Measurements for Roaming
    • 8.12
      Light Measurement Graphic Display
    • 8.13
      Activity 4: Test a Light-Roaming Routine
    • 8.14
      Activity 5: Shield-Bot Navigating by Light
    • 8.15
      Chapter 6 Summary
    • 8.16
      Chapter 6 Challenges
    • 8.17
      Chapter 6 Solutions
  • Chapter 7. Navigating with Infrared Headlights
    14
    • 9.0
      Chapter 7. Navigating with Infrared Headlights
    • 9.1
      Infrared Light Signals
    • 9.2
      Activity 1: Build and Test the Object Detectors
    • 9.3
      Object Detection Test Code
    • 9.4
      Activity 2: Field Testing
    • 9.5
      Sniffing for IR Interference
    • 9.6
      Activty 3: Detection Range Adjustments
    • 9.7
      Activity 4: Object Detection and Avoidance
    • 9.8
      Activity 5: High-performance IR Navigation
    • 9.9
      Activity 6: Drop-off Detector
    • 9.10
      Example Sketch: AvoidTableEdge
    • 9.11
      Chapter 7 Summary
    • 9.12
      Chapter 7 Challenges
    • 9.13
      Chapter 7 Solutions
  • Chapter 8. Robot Control with Distance Detection
    11
    • 10.0
      Chapter 8. Robot Control with Distance Detection
    • 10.1
      Activity 1: Testing the Frequency Sweep
    • 10.2
      Displaying Both Distances
    • 10.3
      Activity 2: BOE Shield-Bot Shadow Vehicle
    • 10.4
      A Look Inside Proportional Control
    • 10.5
      Example Sketch: FollowingShieldBot
    • 10.6
      Follow the Leader
    • 10.7
      Activity 3: What’s Next?
    • 10.8
      Chapter 8 Summary
    • 10.9
      Chapter 8 Challenges
    • 10.10
      Chapter 8 Solutions

Tuning the Turns

The amount of time the BOE Shield-Bot spends rotating in place determines how far it turns.  So, to tune a turn, all you need to do is adjust the delay function’s ms parameter to make it turn for a different amount of time.

Let’s say that the BOE Shield-Bot turns just a bit more than 90° (1/4 of a full circle).  Try delay(580), or maybe even delay(560).  If it doesn’t turn far enough, make it run longer by increasing the delay function’s ms parameter 20 ms at a time.

The smallest change that actually makes a difference is 20. 
Servo control pulses are sent every 20 ms, so adjust your delay function call’s ms parameter in multiples of 20.

If you find yourself with one value slightly overshooting 90° and the other slightly undershooting, choose the value that makes it turn a little too far, then slow down the servos slightly.  In the case of rotating left, both writeMicroseconds us parameters should be changed from 1300 to something closer to 1500.  Start with 1400 and then gradually increase the values to slow both servos.  For rotating right, start by changing the us parameters from 1700 to 1600, and then experiment with reducing in increments of 10 from there.

Your Turn – 90° RotatingTurns and Sketch Updates

  • Modify ForwardLeftRightBackward so that it makes precise 90° rotating turns.
  • Update the label on each servo with a notation about the appropriate delay function ms parameter for a 90° turn.
  • Update the delay function ms parameters in ForwardLeftRightBackward with the values that you determined for straight forward and backward travel.

Carpeting can cause navigation errors.
If you are running your BOE Shield-Bot on carpeting, don’t expect perfect results!  The way the carpet pile is laying can affect the way your BOE Shield-Bot travels, especially over long distances.  For more precise maneuvers, use a smooth surface.


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Activity 2: Tuning the Basic Maneuvers
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Activity 3: Calculating Distances
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