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Robotics with the Board of Education Shield for Arduino

Curriculum

  • 9 Sections
  • 148 Lessons
  • Lifetime
Expand all sectionsCollapse all sections
  • About This Tutorial
    3
    • 2.0
      About the BOE Shield-Bot
    • 2.1
      Audience and Support
    • 2.2
      Author & Contributors
  • Chapter 1. Your Shield-Bot's Brain
    25
    • 3.1
      Chapter 1. Your Shield-Bot’s Brain
    • 3.2
      Hardware and Software Options
    • 3.3
      Shield-Bot Chassis Parts
    • 3.4
      Shield-Bot Hardware
    • 3.5
      Shield-Bot Electronics Parts
    • 3.6
      Activity 1: Download and Install the Software
    • 3.7
      Activity 2: Write a Simple “Hello!” Sketch
    • 3.8
      Codebender Hello Sketch
    • 3.9
      How the Hello Sketch Code Works
    • 3.10
      Modify the Sketch to Repeat
    • 3.11
      Hello Messages on New Lines
    • 3.12
      Open the Arduino Reference
    • 3.13
      Activity 3: Store and Retrieve Values
    • 3.14
      Global vs.Local Variables
    • 3.15
      Activity 4: Solve Math Problems
    • 3.16
      Try Floating Point Math
    • 3.17
      Activity 5: Make Decisions
    • 3.18
      More Decisions with if… else if
    • 3.19
      Activity 6: Count and Control Repetitions
    • 3.20
      How the for Loop Works
    • 3.21
      Adjust Initialization, Condition, and Increment
    • 3.22
      Activity 7: Constants and Comments
    • 3.23
      Chapter 1 Summary
    • 3.24
      Chapter 1 Challenges
    • 3.25
      Chapter 1 Solutions
  • Chapter 2. Shield, Lights, Servo Motors
    23
    • 4.0
      Chapter 2. Shield, Lights, Servo Motors
    • 4.1
      Activity 1: Board of Education Shield Setup
    • 4.2
      Activity 2: Build and Test LED Indicator Lights
    • 4.3
      Introducing the Resistor
    • 4.4
      Introducing the LED
    • 4.5
      Introducing the Prototyping Area
    • 4.6
      LED Test Circuit
    • 4.7
      How a Sketch Makes the LED Turn On and Off
    • 4.8
      Introducing the Timing Diagram
    • 4.9
      Activity 3: LED Servo Signal Monitors
    • 4.10
      How to Use the Arduino Servo Library
    • 4.11
      Activity 4: Connect Servo Motors and Batteries
    • 4.12
      Connect the Servos to the BOE Shield
    • 4.13
      Connect the Battery Pack to the BOE Shield
    • 4.14
      5-cell Pack Setup
    • 4.15
      4-cell Pack + Boe-Boost Setup
    • 4.16
      Activity 5: Centering the Servos
    • 4.17
      Activity 6: Testing the Servos
    • 4.18
      Controlling Servo Speed and Direction
    • 4.19
      How To Control Servo Run Time
    • 4.20
      Chapter 2 Summary
    • 4.21
      Chapter 2 Challenges
    • 4.22
      Chapter 2 Solutions
  • Chapter 3. Assemble and Test your BOE Shield-Bot
    22
    • 5.0
      Chapter 3. Assemble and Test your BOE Shield-Bot
    • 5.1
      Activity 1: Assembling the BOE-Shield-Bot
    • 5.2
      Mount the Topside Hardware
    • 5.3
      Remove the Servo Horns
    • 5.4
      Mount the Servos on the Chassis
    • 5.5
      Mount the Battery Pack
    • 5.6
      Mount the Wheels
    • 5.7
      Attach the BOE Shield to the Chassis
    • 5.8
      Activity 2: Re-test the Servos
    • 5.9
      Testing the Left and Right Wheels
    • 5.10
      Servo Troubleshooting
    • 5.11
      Activity 3: Start-Reset Indicator
    • 5.12
      Build the Piezospeaker Circuit
    • 5.13
      Programming the Start-Reset Indicator
    • 5.14
      Example Sketch: StartResetIndicator
    • 5.15
      Activity 4: Test Speed Control
    • 5.16
      Example Sketch: Test Servo Speed
    • 5.17
      How TestServoSpeed Works
    • 5.18
      Optional: Record Your Own Transfer Curve Data
    • 5.19
      Chapter 3 Summary
    • 5.20
      Chapter 3 Challenges
    • 5.21
      Chapter 3 Solutions
  • Chapter 4. BOE Shield-Bot Navigation
    19
    • 6.0
      Chapter 4. BOE Shield-Bot Navigation
    • 6.1
      Activity 1: Basic BOE Shield-Bot Maneuvers
    • 6.2
      How ForwardThreeSeconds Works
    • 6.3
      Moving Backward, Rotating, and Pivoting
    • 6.4
      Activity 2: Tuning the Basic Maneuvers
    • 6.5
      Tuning the Turns
    • 6.6
      Activity 3: Calculating Distances
    • 6.7
      Activity 4: Ramping Maneuvers
    • 6.8
      Activity 5: Simplify Navigation with Functions
    • 6.9
      Function Call with Parameters
    • 6.10
      Put Maneuvers Into Functions
    • 6.11
      Activity 6: Custom Maneuver Function
    • 6.12
      Activity 7: Maneuver Sequences with Arrays
    • 6.13
      Using Array Elements
    • 6.14
      Navigation with Arrays
    • 6.15
      Character Arrays and switch-case
    • 6.16
      Chapter 4 Summary
    • 6.17
      Chapter 4 Challenges
    • 6.18
      Chapter 4 Solutions
  • Chapter 5. Tactile Navigation with Whiskers
    13
    • 7.0
      Chapter 5. Tactile Navigation with Whiskers
    • 7.1
      Activity 1: Build and Test the Whiskers
    • 7.2
      How Whisker Switches Work
    • 7.3
      Testing the Whiskers
    • 7.4
      How DisplayWhiskerStates Works
    • 7.5
      Activity 2: Field-Test the Whiskers
    • 7.6
      Activity 3: Navigation with Whiskers
    • 7.7
      How RoamingWithWhiskers Works
    • 7.8
      Activity 4: Artificial Intelligence for Escaping Corners
    • 7.9
      How Escaping Corners Works
    • 7.10
      Chapter 5 Summary
    • 7.11
      Chapter 5 Challenges
    • 7.12
      Chapter 5 Solutions
  • Chapter 6. Light-Sensitive Navigation with Phototransistors
    18
    • 8.0
      Chapter 6. Light-Sensitive Navigation with Phototransistors
    • 8.1
      Introducing the Phototransistor
    • 8.2
      Activity 1: Simple Light to Voltage Sensor
    • 8.3
      Example Sketch: PhototransistorVoltage
    • 8.4
      Halt Under the Bright Light
    • 8.5
      How the Phototransistor Circuit Works
    • 8.6
      Ohm’s Law
    • 8.7
      Activity 2: Measure Light Levels Over a Larger Range
    • 8.8
      Building the Photosensitive Eyes
    • 8.9
      Test the Phototransistor Circuit
    • 8.10
      rcTime and Voltage Decay
    • 8.11
      Activity 3: Light Measurements for Roaming
    • 8.12
      Light Measurement Graphic Display
    • 8.13
      Activity 4: Test a Light-Roaming Routine
    • 8.14
      Activity 5: Shield-Bot Navigating by Light
    • 8.15
      Chapter 6 Summary
    • 8.16
      Chapter 6 Challenges
    • 8.17
      Chapter 6 Solutions
  • Chapter 7. Navigating with Infrared Headlights
    14
    • 9.0
      Chapter 7. Navigating with Infrared Headlights
    • 9.1
      Infrared Light Signals
    • 9.2
      Activity 1: Build and Test the Object Detectors
    • 9.3
      Object Detection Test Code
    • 9.4
      Activity 2: Field Testing
    • 9.5
      Sniffing for IR Interference
    • 9.6
      Activty 3: Detection Range Adjustments
    • 9.7
      Activity 4: Object Detection and Avoidance
    • 9.8
      Activity 5: High-performance IR Navigation
    • 9.9
      Activity 6: Drop-off Detector
    • 9.10
      Example Sketch: AvoidTableEdge
    • 9.11
      Chapter 7 Summary
    • 9.12
      Chapter 7 Challenges
    • 9.13
      Chapter 7 Solutions
  • Chapter 8. Robot Control with Distance Detection
    11
    • 10.0
      Chapter 8. Robot Control with Distance Detection
    • 10.1
      Activity 1: Testing the Frequency Sweep
    • 10.2
      Displaying Both Distances
    • 10.3
      Activity 2: BOE Shield-Bot Shadow Vehicle
    • 10.4
      A Look Inside Proportional Control
    • 10.5
      Example Sketch: FollowingShieldBot
    • 10.6
      Follow the Leader
    • 10.7
      Activity 3: What’s Next?
    • 10.8
      Chapter 8 Summary
    • 10.9
      Chapter 8 Challenges
    • 10.10
      Chapter 8 Solutions

Example Sketch: StartResetIndicator

This example sketch makes a beep when it starts running, then it goes on to send Serial Monitor messages every half-second.  These messages will continue indefinitely because they are in the loop function.  If the power to the Arduino is interrupted, the sketch will start at the beginning again, and you will hear the beep. 

  • Reconnect power to your board.
  • Enter, save, and upload StartResetIndicator to the Arduino.
  • If you did not hear a tone, check your wiring and code for errors and try again.
  • If you did hear an audible tone, open the Serial Monitor (this may cause a reset too).  Then, push the reset button on the BOE Shield. 
  • Verify that, after each reset, the piezospeaker makes a clearly audible tone for one second, and then the  “Waiting for reset…” messages resumes.
  • Also try disconnecting and reconnecting your battery supply and programming cable, and then plugging them back in. This should also trigger the start-alert tone.
/*
 * Robotics with the BOE Shield - StartResetIndicator
 * Test the piezospeaker circuit.
 */

void setup()                                 // Built in initialization block
{
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println("Beep!");  

  tone(4, 3000, 1000);                       // Play tone for 1 second
  delay(1000);                               // Delay to finish tone
}  
 
void loop()                                  // Main loop auto-repeats
{         
  Serial.println("Waiting for reset...");
  delay(1000);
}

How StartResetIndicator Works

StartResetIndicator begins by displaying the message “Beep!” in the Serial Monitor.  Then, immediately after printing the message, the tone function plays a 3 kHz tone on the piezoelectric speaker for 1 second.  Because the instructions are executed so rapidly by the Arduino, it should seem as though the message is displayed at the same instant the piezospeaker starts to play the tone. 

When the tone is done, the sketch enters the loop function, which displays the same “Waiting for reset…” message over and over again.  Each time the reset button on the BOE Shield is pressed or the power is disconnected and reconnected, the sketch starts over again with the “Beep!” message and the 3 kHz tone.

Sketch Update Notice!!! 
The sketch StartResetIndicator was updated on 11/16/2012.  On the Arduino Mega 2650, the upload hangs with the original code listing.  The offending command was:
Serial.println(“Beep!!!”); 
It turns out that having more than one exclamation point in a row in a serial string causes this problem in the Mega 2650.  From this point forward, we will find another way to express our enthusiasm in serial strings. – Editor.

 

Your Turn – Adding StartResetIndicator to a Different Sketch

We’ll use tone at the beginning of every example sketch from here onward.  So, it’s a good idea to get in the habit of putting tone and delay statements at the beginning of every sketch’s setup function.

  • Open RightServoTest.
  • Copy the tone and delay function calls from the StartResetIndicator sketch into the beginning of the RightServoTest sketch’s setup function.
  • Run the modified sketch and verify that it responds with the “sketch starting” tone every time the Arduino is reset.

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Programming the Start-Reset Indicator
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